Micro-Reconstruction of Spatial Heterogeneity - Interpreting Space through Local Landscape Reading -

doi:10.17279/jkagee.2026.34.3.107

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2026 Vol.34, Issue 3 Preview Page Next Page

Research Article

Micro-Reconstruction of Spatial Heterogeneity - Interpreting Space through Local Landscape Reading - 공간적 이질성의 미시적 재구성 - 지역 경관 읽기를 통한 공간 해석 -: 박지수
Jisu Park; 부산교육대학교 사회교육과 조교수

Assistant Professor, Department of Social Studies Education, Busan National University of Education

31 August 2026. pp. 107~122

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Abstract

This study aims to reconceptualize spatial heterogeneity not as a phenomenon explained primarily by interregional differences or statistical variability, but as a structural characteristic emerging from the arrangement and relationships of landscape elements within a locality. To achieve this goal, a qualitative case study was conducted in residential areas of Dongsam-dong, Yeongdo-gu, and Ami-dong, Seo-gu, Busan. The study combined micro-scale observation, walking-based field observation, ground-level photography, and drone imagery. Analysis focused on interpreting spatial heterogeneity through landscape reading, particularly in terms of spatial arrangement, boundaries, and transitions. The findings reveal that even within the same residential area, spatial characteristics are microscopically differentiated according to the arrangement of landscape elements such as building configurations, alley structures, lighting conditions, and visual openness. Spatial boundaries were not fixed by administrative divisions or physical discontinuities; rather, they were experientially perceived at points where multiple landscape elements changed simultaneously during movement through space. Transitional zones emerged as areas in which different spatial characteristics overlapped, suggesting that space should be understood as a relational and process-oriented structure rather than a fixed category. Drone imagery served as a complementary source for examining whether spatial structures identified through ground-level observation were consistently represented at a broader observational scale. This study contributes to geographic scholarship by reconceptualizing spatial heterogeneity as a structural property formed through internal spatial arrangements and relationships. Furthermore, it demonstrates that spatial interpretation through landscape reading encourages learners to view space not as a homogeneous background but as an object of inquiry and interpretation. The findings suggest that such an approach can serve as a meaningful educational strategy for fostering spatial thinking in geography education.

Keywords

Spatial heterogeneity

Landscape reading

Micro-scale observation

Drone imagery

Spatial thinking

Geography education

본 연구는 공간적 이질성을 지역 간 차이나 통계적 변동성으로 이해하는 기존 관점을 넘어, 지역 내부에서 경관 요소들이 배열되고 관계를 형성하는 과정 속에서 나타나는 구조적 특성으로 재해석하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 부산광역시 영도구 동삼동과 서구 아미동의 주거지 일대를 연구 대상으로 선정하고, 미시적 관찰에 기반한 걷기 관찰, 지상 사진 촬영, 드론 이미지 기록을 결합한 질적 사례연구를 수행하였다. 분석은 경관 읽기를 통해 공간적 이질성이 배열, 경계, 전이의 형태로 어떻게 나타나는지를 해석하는 데 초점을 두었다. 연구 결과, 동일한 주거지 내부에서도 건물 배치, 골목의 형태, 채광 조건, 시야 구조 등 경관 요소의 배열 방식에 따라 공간 성격이 미시적으로 분화되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 공간적 경계는 행정적 구획이나 물리적 단절에 의해 고정적으로 형성되는 것이 아니라, 이동 과정에서 복수의 경관 요소가 동시에 변화하는 지점에서 경험적으로 인식되었다. 전이 구간은 서로 다른 공간 성격이 중첩되는 과정으로 나타났으며, 공간은 고정된 범주보다 관계적·과정적 구조로 이해될 필요가 있음을 보여주었다. 드론 이미지는 지상 관찰을 통해 확인된 공간 구조가 상공 스케일에서도 일관되게 나타나는지를 검토하는 보조적 자료로 활용되었다. 본 연구는 공간적 이질성을 지역 내부의 배열과 관계 속에서 형성되는 구조적 특성으로 재개념화하였다는 점에서 의의를 지닌다. 또한 경관 읽기를 기반으로 한 공간 해석 과정이 공간을 균질한 배경이 아닌 해석의 대상으로 인식하게 함으로써, 지리교육에서 공간적 사고를 함양하기 위한 교육적 접근으로 활용될 수 있음을 시사한다.

키워드

공간적 이질성

경관 읽기

미시적 관찰

드론 이미지

공간적 사고

지리교육

References

교육부, 2015, “2015 개정 교육과정 총론 및 각론”, 교육부 고시 제2015-74호.
김지우·이건학, 2019, “지리가중회귀(GWR)모델을 이용한 학교급별 학업성취도 영향 요인 분석”, 대한지리학회지, 54(5), 561-576.
박병근 , 2021, “드론을 활용한 지리공간 가상현실 교육자료 개발 및 적용: 해안 지형 단원을 중심으로”, 한국교육문제연구, 19(2), 25-61. 10.21183/kjcm.2020.03.19.1.25
박지수 , 2024, “지리교육에서 FPV 드론을 활용한 창의적 학습 전략 탐구: 예비 교사를 대상으로 한 적용 사례 연구”, 사회과수업연구, 12(2), 71-90. 10.34261/jssls.2024.12.2.71
유재진 , 2023, “지리교육에서의 교수·학습 자료로써 드론 기반 3차원 지형 모델 활용: 지형학적 성취기준 및 학습 요소를 중심으로”, 한국지형학회지, 30(1), 101-112. 10.16968/JKGA.30.1.101
Bendl, T., Marada, M., and Krajňáková, L. 2024, Breaking down the complexity of geographical thinking: a European perspective, Geography, 109(3), 153-162. 10.1080/00167487.2024.2395178
Berry, B. J. L. and Marble, D. F. (Eds.), 1968, Spatial Analysis: A Reader in Statistical Geography, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J.
Cosgrove, D. E., 1984, Social Formation and Symbolic Landscape, Croom Helm, London.
Duncan, J. S., 1990, The City as Text: The Politics of Landscape Interpretation in the Kandyan Kingdom, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Goodchild, M. F., 2004, GIScience, geography, form, and process, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 94(4), 709-714. 10.1111/j.1467-8306.2004.00424.x
Harvey, D., 1973, Social Justice and the City, Edward Arnold, London.
Hartshorne, R., 1959, Perspective on the Nature of Geography, Association of American Geographers, Washington, DC.
Ingold, T., 2000, The Perception of the Environment: Essays on Livelihood, Dwelling and Skill, Routledge, London.
Ishikawa, T., 2016, Spatial thinking in geographic information science: Students geospatial conceptions, map-based reasoning, and spatial visualization ability. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 106(1), 76-95. 10.1080/00045608.2015.1064342
Lefebvre, H., 1991, The Production of Space (D. Nicholson-Smith, Trans.), Blackwell, Oxford.
Lynch, K., 1960, The Image of the City, The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Massey, D., 2005, For space, SAGE Publications, London.
National Research Council, 2006, Learning to think spatially: GIS as a support system in the K–12 curriculum, The National Academies Press, Washington, DC.
Sauer, C. O., 1925, The morphology of landscape, University of California Publications in Geography, 2(2), 19-53.
Tobler, W. R., 1970, A computer movie simulating urban growth in the Detroit region, Economic Geography, 46(Supplement), 234-240. 10.2307/143141
Turner, M. G., 1989, Landscape ecology: The effect of pattern on process, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 20, 171-197. 10.1146/annurev.es.20.110189.001131
Wakabayashi, Y. and Ishikawa, T., 2011, Spatial thinking in geographic information science: A review of past studies and prospects for the future, Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 21, 304-313. 10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.07.031
Wu, J. and David, J. L., 2002, A spatially explicit hierarchical approach to modeling complex ecological systems: Theory and applications. Ecological Modelling, 153(1-2), 7-26. 10.1016/S0304-3800(01)00499-9

Information

Publisher :The Korean Association Of Geographic And Environmental Education
Publisher(Ko) :한국지리환경교육학회
Journal Title :The Journal of The Korean Association of Geographic and Environmental Education
Journal Title(Ko) :한국지리환경교육학회지
Volume : 34
No :3
Pages :107~122
DOI :https://doi.org/10.17279/jkagee.2026.34.3.107

[1] 교육부, 2015, “2015 개정 교육과정 총론 및 각론”, 교육부 고시 제2015-74호.

[2] 김지우·이건학, 2019, “지리가중회귀(GWR)모델을 이용한 학교급별 학업성취도 영향 요인 분석”, 대한지리학회지, 54(5), 561-576.

[3] 박병근 , 2021, “드론을 활용한 지리공간 가상현실 교육자료 개발 및 적용: 해안 지형 단원을 중심으로”, 한국교육문제연구, 19(2), 25-61. 10.21183/kjcm.2020.03.19.1.25

[4] 박지수 , 2024, “지리교육에서 FPV 드론을 활용한 창의적 학습 전략 탐구: 예비 교사를 대상으로 한 적용 사례 연구”, 사회과수업연구, 12(2), 71-90. 10.34261/jssls.2024.12.2.71

[5] 유재진 , 2023, “지리교육에서의 교수·학습 자료로써 드론 기반 3차원 지형 모델 활용: 지형학적 성취기준 및 학습 요소를 중심으로”, 한국지형학회지, 30(1), 101-112. 10.16968/JKGA.30.1.101

[6] Bendl, T., Marada, M., and Krajňáková, L. 2024, Breaking down the complexity of geographical thinking: a European perspective, Geography, 109(3), 153-162. 10.1080/00167487.2024.2395178

[7] Berry, B. J. L. and Marble, D. F. (Eds.), 1968, Spatial Analysis: A Reader in Statistical Geography, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J.

[8] Cosgrove, D. E., 1984, Social Formation and Symbolic Landscape, Croom Helm, London.

[9] Duncan, J. S., 1990, The City as Text: The Politics of Landscape Interpretation in the Kandyan Kingdom, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

[10] Goodchild, M. F., 2004, GIScience, geography, form, and process, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 94(4), 709-714. 10.1111/j.1467-8306.2004.00424.x

[11] Harvey, D., 1973, Social Justice and the City, Edward Arnold, London.

[12] Hartshorne, R., 1959, Perspective on the Nature of Geography, Association of American Geographers, Washington, DC.

[13] Ingold, T., 2000, The Perception of the Environment: Essays on Livelihood, Dwelling and Skill, Routledge, London.

[14] Ishikawa, T., 2016, Spatial thinking in geographic information science: Students geospatial conceptions, map-based reasoning, and spatial visualization ability. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 106(1), 76-95. 10.1080/00045608.2015.1064342

[15] Lefebvre, H., 1991, The Production of Space (D. Nicholson-Smith, Trans.), Blackwell, Oxford.

[16] Lynch, K., 1960, The Image of the City, The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.

[17] Massey, D., 2005, For space, SAGE Publications, London.

[18] National Research Council, 2006, Learning to think spatially: GIS as a support system in the K–12 curriculum, The National Academies Press, Washington, DC.

[19] Sauer, C. O., 1925, The morphology of landscape, University of California Publications in Geography, 2(2), 19-53.

[20] Tobler, W. R., 1970, A computer movie simulating urban growth in the Detroit region, Economic Geography, 46(Supplement), 234-240. 10.2307/143141

[21] Turner, M. G., 1989, Landscape ecology: The effect of pattern on process, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 20, 171-197. 10.1146/annurev.es.20.110189.001131

[22] Wakabayashi, Y. and Ishikawa, T., 2011, Spatial thinking in geographic information science: A review of past studies and prospects for the future, Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 21, 304-313. 10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.07.031

[23] Wu, J. and David, J. L., 2002, A spatially explicit hierarchical approach to modeling complex ecological systems: Theory and applications. Ecological Modelling, 153(1-2), 7-26. 10.1016/S0304-3800(01)00499-9

The Journal of The Korean Association of Geographic and Environmental Education ISSN:1226-511X(Print) 2586-5641(Online) 한국지리환경교육학회지

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